E-ISSN 2149-388X | ISSN 2149-0430
 

Review Article 


Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review

Kevan English, Elfreda Dzukey, Reicelle Garcia, Kritikka Ajit Kumar.


Abstract
Cardiac tumors are benign or malignant neoplasms arising from the endocardium, myocardium, or the surrounding pericardium. They can be primary or metastatic. Primary tumors are rare, with a reported autopsy frequency of up to 0.30%. These tumors can occur in the neonatal or fetal period, with an incidence of 0.14% in the latter. Most pediatric cardiac tumors are benign, with approximately 10% being malignant. Rhabdomyoma is the most prevalent benign tumor in children and accounts for more than 50% of all primary cardiac tumors in this population. Multiple cardiac tumors noted during the fetal or neonatal period are commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis. Additional risk factors include family history and other genetic predispositions such as the Carney complex. When clinically suspected, echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging help with diagnosis. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. This article provides a scoping review of cardiac tumors in children, their epidemiology, histological patterns, diagnosis, and treatment.

Key words: Cardiac Tumors; Echocardiography; Rhabdomyoma; Atrial Fibrillation; Arrhythmias


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

English K, Dzukey E, Garcia R, Kumar KA. Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. Ulutas Med J. 2026; 12(3): 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933


Web Style

English K, Dzukey E, Garcia R, Kumar KA. Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. https://www.ulutasmedicaljournal.com/?mno=328225 [Access: October 06, 2026]. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

English K, Dzukey E, Garcia R, Kumar KA. Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. Ulutas Med J. 2026; 12(3): 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

English K, Dzukey E, Garcia R, Kumar KA. Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. Ulutas Med J. (2026), [cited October 06, 2026]; 12(3): 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933



Harvard Style

English, K., Dzukey, . E., Garcia, . R. & Kumar, . K. A. (2026) Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. Ulutas Med J, 12 (3), 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933



Turabian Style

English, Kevan, Elfreda Dzukey, Reicelle Garcia, and Kritikka Ajit Kumar. 2026. Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. THE ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL, 12 (3), 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933



Chicago Style

English, Kevan, Elfreda Dzukey, Reicelle Garcia, and Kritikka Ajit Kumar. "Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review." THE ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL 12 (2026), 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

English, Kevan, Elfreda Dzukey, Reicelle Garcia, and Kritikka Ajit Kumar. "Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review." THE ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL 12.3 (2026), 29-40. Print. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

English, K., Dzukey, . E., Garcia, . R. & Kumar, . K. A. (2026) Primary Cardiac Tumors in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review. THE ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL, 12 (3), 29-40. doi:10.5455/umj.20260718040933