Abstract
Introduction: Intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) has been recently introduced into clinical practice for the treatment of various ocular conditions including non-infectious uveitis and macular edema. Endophthalmitis following IDI is an uncommon and a serious complication.
Case Presentation: In this report, we present a case of sterile endophthalmitis following IDI in a fourteen-year-old female for whom IDI was indicated to treat uveitic cystoid macular edema, which was refractory to maximum systemic and local therapy. She presented within 24 hours following the implant insertion, complaining of only a decrease in vision. It was managed by emergent pars plana vitrectomy with the removal of the implant. This resulted in clinical improvement and resolution of the inflammation. Intravitreal and implant Gram stain and polymerase chain reaction came out negative. An IDI was implanted one year later without similar complications.
Conclusion: Our case showed that sterile endophthalmitis could occur following intravitreal dexamethasone injection. Repeated IDI does not seem to be contraindicated.

Key words: Acute Sterile Endophthalmitis, Intravitreal Dexamethasone